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If for some reason the blank template or archetype doesn't work out, we can just setup an application from scratch.
/tutorial/ /tutorial/META-INF/ /tutorial/WEB-INF/ /tutorial/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml /tutorial/WEB-INF/lib/ /tutorial/WEB-INF/lib/minimum JARs + any plugin JARs + plugin dependencies /tutorial/WEB-INF/web.xml
webapp/lib directory
To customize the Struts templates (how HTML is rendered from the tags), copy into the application's webapp directory the framework's /src/java/template directory.
The following files are a minium requirement for your application.
Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| Framework library itself, found in distribution root directory |
| XWork 2 library on which Struts 2 is built (version 2.0 or later) |
| Object Graph Navigation Language (OGNL), the expression language used throughout the framework |
| Java bytecode manipulation library used by OGNL |
| All UI tag templates are written in Freemarker (also a good option for your own views) |
| Commons logging, which the framework uses to support transparently logging to either Log4J or JDK 1.4+ |
| The Commons FileUpload package makes it easy to add robust, high-performance, file upload capability to your servlets and web applications. |
| Commons IO is a library of utilities to assist with developing IO functionality. |
| Commons Lang3 is used to simplify usage of common tasks and code shortcuts to to stay DRY |
| Java web application configuration file that defines the filters (and other components) for your web application |
| Framework configuration file that defines the actions, results, and interceptors for your application |
If any Struts 2 Plugins are included, then other JARs may be needed too. For example, the optional Spring Plugin requires the Spring JARs to be present.
web.xml)Create an web.xml file in [webapp]/WEB-INF (or merge into it the framework resources).
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
<web-app>
<display-name>My Application</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
The standard web.xml registers a FilterDispatcher to enable framework functionality for your requests.
If other packages are being used, like SiteMesh or Spring, then other filters may need to be configured too
See also: web.xml
struts.xml)Create a skeleton struts.xml file in /$APP/WEB-INF/classes.
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts><!-- Configuration for the default package. -->
<package name="default" extends="struts-default">
...
</package>
</struts>
For now, the struts.xml just defines a default package (with the <package> section) where framework elements like actions, results and interceptors are registered.
See also: struts.xml
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